Class 7  Geography  Chapter  2  Atmosphere

  EX.1 Fill in the blan

  a]Atmosphere                                                                          

  b]gravity                                                                              

  c]Pauses                                                                                          

  d]stratosphere                                                                         

  e]Green house effect                                                                   

  f]Global warming                                                                        

                                                                                        

 EX.2 Match the following                                                                

 a]Global warming-climate change                                                        

 b]Exosphere-Thinnest layer of atmosphere                                               

 c]Troposphere- lowest layer of atmosphere                                              

 d]Insolation-solar radiation reaching Earth surface                                    

 e]Coal-Fossil fuel                                                                     

   EX.3 TRUE/false                                                                          

 a]False                                                                                 

 b]True                                                                                 

 c]False                                                                                 

 d]True                                                                                 

 e]False                                                                                

 f]True                                                                                  

 g]True                                                                                 

   EX. 4 Answer the following                                                              

 a] 21%

 b] The exosphere is the upper-most layer of the atmosphere.this layer has very scattered   gases  and gravitational pull of earth is minimum in this layer.

C] Nitrogen and Oxygen

D] Carbondioxide gas creates greenhouse effect  in the atmosphere. Greenhouse gases act like blanket around the earth,wrapping energy into atmosphere. This is the cause of the earth becoming warmer.

E] A natural process that warms the earth’s surphace. When the sun’s energy reaches the earth atmosphere sum of it is reflected back to space and the rest is absorbed anjd re-radiated by  greenhouse gases.

F] Meteors burn up in mesosphere because of air resistance and friction.

Ex.5 Answer in  detail:-     

A] Earth’s atmosphere is composed of about 78% nitrogen,21% oxygen and 0.93% argon.The rest of the gases which are less than 0.1% contains small but important traces of gases,including water vapour,carbon dioxide and ozone.

B]The different layers of atmosphere are troposhphere,stratosphere,mesosphere,thermosphere and exosphere.

1:-Troposphere:This is the lowest layer of atmosphere.Water vapour and dust particles are present in this layer,all weather occurs withinn this layer.

2:-Strotosphere:-This is ther second layer of atmosphere.ozone is present in this layer and protect the earth from harmful ultraviolet rays.

3:-Mesosphere: Mesosphere is the layer after stratosphere.Thew mesosphere has coldest temprature in the atmosphere meteors are burn up in this layer.

4:-Thermosphere: This layer is directly above mesosphere. Temprature slowly increases in this layer.

5:-Exosphere: Exosphere is the upper most layer of the atmosphere. This layer has very scattered gases and the gravitational pull of earth is minimum in this layer.

C] Causes of Green House effect are as follow:-

  1-Burning of fossil fuels

  2- Deforestation

  3- Increase in population

  4- Farming

  5- Industrial waste and landfills

D] Impact of global warming are:-

  1- Graciers melting and sea level rising

  2- Migration of animals

  3- Extreme of weather condition / Temperature

  4- Change in eco-systems

  5- Heavier precipitation and flooding

  6- Changing of seasons

  7- Extinction of plant and animal species

E] Global warming can be reduced and controlled by following measures:-

  1- Using re-cyclable products

  2- Using energy efficient products

  3- Planting more trees

  4- Reducing pollution

  5- Reduce deforestation activity

  6- Government limitations on the amount of harmful gas emissions from industries

Ex-6 Learning is fun:-

   Across

  3-Atmosphere

   8-Global warming

   9-Exosphere

  10-Oxygen

  11-Coal

   DOWN

  1- Greenhouse effect

  2- Landfill

  4- Stratopause

  5- Ozone

  6- Biome

  7- Insolation

   Draw Diagrams of compostition of atmosphere/ Air (pg-11)

                                           And

 Structure of Atmosphere (pg-14)

 Chemistry, Lesson-2

CHOOSE THE CORRECT OPTIONS-(answers)

1)      d-the burning of kerosene

2)      c-the digestion of food

3)      d-burning

4)      b-respiration

5)      b-photosynthesis

FILL IN THE BLANKS-(answers)

1)      does not changes

2)      an irreversible change

3)      exothermic reaction

4)      solute, solvent

5)      water vapour

6)      moisture

TRUE/FALSE-

1)      false (a physical change is reversible)

2)      false (a chemical change is irreversible)

3)      true

4)      true

5)      true

6)      True

 

SHORT QUESTIONS-

1Q- What are reversible changes?

Ans- Reversible changes are those changes which can be reversed by reversing back the conditions. Eg- melting of ice.

 2Q- What are irreversible changes?

Ans- Irreversible changes are those changes which cannot be reversed by reversing back the conditions. Eg- burning of coal.

 

3Q- Classify the following into desirable and undesirable changes.

Ans-(a) the spoiling of food- undesirable change

        (b) the digestion of food- desirable change

        (c) the rotting of an egg- undesirable change

        (d) the decaying of dead animal in open air- undesirable change

 

4Q- Define physical changes.

Ans- The changes in which no new substances are formed and which can be reversed by reversing back the conditions are called as physical changes. Eg- melting of ice.

 

5Q- Define chemical changes.

Ans- The changes in which new substances are formed and which cannot be reversed by reversing back the conditions are called as chemical changes. Eg- burning of coal.

 

6Q- Classify the following into physical and chemical changes.

Ans- (a) the melting of ice- physical change

(b) rusting- chemical change

(c) cooking of food- chemical change

(d) fermentation- chemical change

(e) the evaporation of liquid- physical change

(f) the sublimation of iodine- physical change

(g) the dissolution of solid- physical change

(h) the burning of coal- chemical change

(i) the glowing of bulb- physical change

(j) the freezing of water- physical change

(k) the curdling of milk- chemical change

(l) photosynthesis in green plants- chemical change

(m) the condensation of water vapour- physical change

(n) the digestion of food- chemical change

(o) the boiling of an egg- chemical change

(p) the growth of a plant- chemical change

 

7Q- Define an endothermic change.

Ans- A change in which heat is absorbed is called an endothermic change. Eg- melting of ice.

 

8Q- Define an exothermic change.

Ans- A change in which heat is evolved is called an exothermic change. Eg- burning of coal.

 

9Q- Classify into exothermic and endothermic changes.

Ans- (a) the dissolution of glucose- endothermic change

(b) the boiling of water- endothermic change

(c) burning- exothermic change.

 

LONG QUESTIONS-

1Q- Give two examples to show that the mass of the individual substances undergoing a chemical change is altered.

Ans- The mass of the individual substances undergoing a chemical change is altered. For eg-

1) When carbon is burnt in air, the amount of carbon is reduced and carbon dioxide is given out.

2) If an iron nail is allowed to rust, the mass of the rusted nail is more than that of the original nail.

 

2Q-  State the difference between a physical and a chemical change.

Ans-

PHYSICAL CHANGE	CHEMICAL CHANGE
1) A physical change is temporary	1) A chemical change is permanent.
2) A physical change is reversible	2)A chemical change is irreversible.
3) No new substances are formed in a physical change.	3)New substances are formed in a chemical change.
4)The mass of substance do not change in a physical change.	4)The mass of individual substances undergoing a chemical change are altered.
5)Eg- melting of ice.	5)Eg- burning of coal.

 

3Q- Discuss an example to show that physical and chemical changes can occur simultaneously.

Ans- Physical and chemical changes can occur simultaneously. This can be proved by taking the example of burning of a candle. When a candle burns, following changes occur-

Physical change- the wax under the wick gets heated and melts. The molten wax flows down and solidifies. Thus the change in state is from solid to liquid and again from liquid to solid, which are physical changes.

Chemical change- a part of the molten wax  vaporizes and burns to form new substances, carbon dioxide and water vapour. This change is irreversible. So burning of wax is a chemical change.

 

4Q-  Give one example of each kind, show that a change in energy takes place when a physical or a chemical changes occurs.

Ans- Energy changes are observed when a physical or a chemical changes occurs.

1) Energy change in a physical change-

Eg- melting of solid and evaporation of liquid are carried out with the absorption of heat while condensation is carried out with the evolution of heat.

2) Energy change in a chemical change-

Eg- when a coal or wood is burnt, heat and light are emitted. So, burning is an exothermic process.

 

5Q- What is respiration? Explain.

Ans- When the oxygen of the air we breathe in combines with the glucose formed by the breakdown of food in our body,  new substances such as carbondioxide and water are formed. This process is called as respiration. This change is not reversible and is therefore a chemical change.

Glucose + oxygen  →  carbondioxide + water + energy.

Class 7   

Class 7    GEOGRAPHY   Chapter-1  

EX-1.Fill ups
a.blue
b.verbal
c.topography
d.contour
e.small
f.large scale

Ex-2 Match the following
A=5
B=3
C=1
D=2
E=6
F=4

Ex-3 True/False
a.F
b.F
c.T
d.T
e.F
f.T

EX-4
(a)A detailed representation of natural and human-made features on the Earth's surface.

(b)The ratio of a distance on the map to the corresponding distance on the grounds in
words.

(c)Blue colour is used to show water bodies in a map.

(d)Red represents man-made festures,like roads or political boundaries,settlements.

(e)The scale of the map can be represented in threeways.

(1) statement scale or verbal scale.

(2) The representative fraction or numerical fraction (RF).

(3) The graphical scale or linear scale.

(f)The linear scale of a map is a bar which usually represents the true distance of an
unit length on the map

(g)Large- scale maps depict a small territory.A large-scale map only shows a small area
but in great detail

(h)The signs and symbols used in a map to show diffrent festures of map these common signs
and symbols are called conventional signs and symbols.

(i)A person who makes maps.

Ex-5

(a)Topography refer to the arrangement of natural and artificial physical features of an
area.
A topographic map shows how the ground is shaped provides a way to calculate the height
of the features on the map .

(b)A line on a map joining points of equal height above or below sea level.

(c)Cartographers Use colour On A Map to represent specific features.
1 Green colour indicates vegetation such as forests,wooded area,orchards and vineyards.
2 Brown colour is used to denote most contour line on a map,which are relief features
and elevatoions.
3 Red colour represents man made features, like main roads and politicial boundaries,
settlements.
4 Yellow indicates all the cultivated areas.

(d)The numerical scale of a map indicates the relationship of distance measured on a map
and the corresponding distance on the ground.

(e)
1}SMALL-SCALE MAPS represent a lagre area.In a small scale map,the size of objects
will be smaller and will have less details,for ex.map of a country.

LARGE-SCALE MAPS depict a small territory. a large scale map only show a small area
but in great detail for ex. map of a town or a city.

2}A topographical map contains detailed information about local landforms,water bodies,
roads,railway tracks and buildings.

A thematic map includes information of a specific theme or topic such as rainfaLL

3}Verbal map scale:A map scale that expresses the relationship between distance on
the map and distance on the gound in words.

Linear Scale:The linear scale of a map is a bar which usually represents the true
disctance of an unit length on the map.

(F)The four major directions north,east,west and south are called cardinal directions.
These are further divided into north-east,south-east,south-west and north-west
which are known as intermediate directions.

(G) Direction is a major component of a map. Most maps contain an arrow marked with the
' letter 'N' at the upper right hand corner.This arrow shows the north direction and
therefore is called the north line.Once the north direction is confirmed,the other
direction-east,westands south can be easily found.

EX-6 LEARNING IS FUN
ACROSS
6.Yellow
7.Green
8.Contour lines
9.Map
10.Verbal
DOWN
1.Cartographer
2.Cardinal
3.Keys
4.Topography
5.Legends

 Class 7 Biology Chapter 1 - Tissue

ExA.Fill in the blanks.

 1.tissue.

2.meristematic.

3.cambium.

4.xylem.

5.epithelial.

6.adipocytes.

7.muscles.

8.vascular or fluid.

9.cardiac.

10cyton.

 ExB.True-False

 1.false, permanent tissue arises from meristematic tissue.

2.false, parenchyma is a simple permanent tissue.

3.true.

4.false,phloem is a living tissue.

5.true.

6.true.

7.false, cartilage is a kind of skeletal tissue.

8.true.

9.true.

10.false, skeletal muscles are voluntary muscles.

 ExC.Choose the correct option.

 1.(b), 2.(d), 3.(b), 4.(c), 5.(a), 6.(d), 7.(c), 8.(c), 9.(a)

 Ex D.Answer the following.

Ans1.Meristematic tissue has the ability to divide continuously to produce new cells and thus responsible for the growth of the plant.

 Ans2.Epithelial tissue forms a thin covering on the outer surface of the body,as well as on the outer and inner surface of organs, ducts,tubes and vessels.

This tissue provides protection from injury and germs, and helps in absorption and secretion.

 Ans3.Areolar tissue forms a continuous layer  under the skin and packs the spaces between various organs to keep them in place.

Adipose tissue cushions various parts of the body to protect them from injury and insulates the body against the cold.

 Ans4.Cartilage is made of cells called chondrocytes.The cells have wide spaces between them and are embedded in a jellylike matrix.This makes the tissue elastic and thus capable of absorbing the shock of friction between bones.

 Ans5.Blood contains  the following components:1)RBCs

2)WBCs and 

3)platelets.

Blood transports oxygen, carbondioxide,digested food and waste, protects us from diseases,and regulates body temperature.

 Ans6.Neurons transmit messages from all parts of the body to the brain and spinal cord and vice-versa.Also draw the fig1.11 in your classwork copy.

 ExE.Explain in brief.

 Ans1.If no cambium is present in a plant body,the plant will not grow in thickness as cambium is responsible for the lateral growth of the plant.

 Ans2.Simple permanent tissue in plants is of three types:

1)Parenchyma:

Structure:The cells of this tissue may be oval, spherical or polygonal.The cell wall is thin and there are spaces between the cells (intercellular spaces). Function: Parenchymatous cells store food and water,besides helping in the manufacture of food.

2)Collenchyma:

Structure:The cells of this tissue are thick-walled and elongated,with oblique or tapering ends.There are no intercellular spaces,as pectin and other substances are deposited between the cells.

Function:The function of these  cells is to provide support and flexibility to the plant body.

3)Sclerenchyma:

Structure:It is made of  dead cells that are packed together closely.The cells are elongated with pointed ends.The cell wall is thick due to the presence of a chemically complex substance called lignin.There

are no intercellular spaces between the cells of Sclerenchyma.

Function:These cells provides strength to the body of the plant.

Fig 1.2 should be drawn in this answer.

 Ans3.Complex permanent tissue is of two types:

1)Xylem:

Structure:It is made mostly of dead cells.These are either tracheids or vessels and some Sclerenchymatous cells.There are some Parenchymatous cells,too.vessels and tracheids are elongated cells with thick lignified walls.They are hollow and join each other end to end.They,thus, form something like a long pipe, through which water moves up.

Function:It conducts water and minerals from the roots to the leaves.

2)Phloem:It is a living tissue made mostly of sieve cells and companion cells.They are associated with some Parenchymatous and Sclerenchymatous cells.The sieve cells are elongated cells joined end to end, with perforated plates between them.The pores in the plates between the cells provide a continuous route for the passage of food.

Function:It is responsible for the transport of food to different parts of the plant.

 Ans4.Tendon:

1)Tendons attach muscles to bones.

2)They help in the movement of bones.

3) They are inelastic and tough

as it contains very little elastin.

Ligament:

1) Ligaments join bones together.

2)They support and stabilise joints.

3)They are more elastic and flexible as it contains more elastin.

 Ans5.Bone is the hardest connective tissue.It contains three types of cells-osteoblasts,osteocytes and osteoclasts.osteoblasts produce a protein mixture that hardens to form the bone matrix.Osteoblasts eventually get trapped within the matrix and become osteocytes.Osteoclasts are present are present near the outer layer of bones and help to break down damaged bone tissue,which is replaced by new matrix produced by osteoblasts.

Function of bone:

1)Bones give shape and support to our body.

2)Bones protect our delicate internal organs like heart,brain ,lungs.

3)Bones bring about movement with the help of muscles.

4)Bone marrow,present inside the bones,is responsible for the formation of blood cells.

 Ans6.Some blood,minus RBCs and few other constituents, leaves the blood capillaries and passes into the spaces between tissues.This straw-coloured watery fluid is called lymph.

 Ans6.The three types of muscular tissue are:

1) Voluntary muscles:These muscles are attached to the skeleton and are called skeletal muscles.They contract and relax according to our will.

2) Involuntary muscles:These muscles contract and relaxing on their own to carry out various life processes.e.g muscles of the stomach and blood vessels.

3) Cardiac muscles:These muscles are present in the heart and are also Involuntary in nature.

                       Class 7 COMPUTER  (SPREADSHEET- AN INTRODUCTION)                     

1.     Tick the correct.

a.      Excel

b.      Cell

c.       1048576

d.      Active cell

e.      Range

f.        Name Box

g.      Ctrl + S

2.     True and False.

a.      True

b.      False (cannot-can)

c.       False (only 5- any no.)

d.      True

e.      True

f.        False (Block minus sigh- block plus sigh)

g.      True

3.     Fill in the blanks.

a.      Spreadsheet

b.      Rows and columns

c.       Arrow keys

d.      Undo

e.      Left

f.        Labels, values and formula

g.      .xlsx

4.     Define the following.

a.      Formula Bar- It is used to enter and edit formulas, and perform calculations on our worksheet data.

b.      Cell- A cell is the intersection of each column and row in a worksheet. A cell is the basic unit of a worksheet in which we enter data.

c.       Cell Reference- A cell is referred to by its unique address or cell reference, which is the coordinate of the intersecting column and row.

d.      Worksheet window- The workbook contains sheets called worksheets. By default, workbook contains three worksheets. We can add additional worksheets.

e.      Name Box- The cell reference of an active cell is displayed in the name box.

f.        Gridlines- The horizontal and vertical lines representing the rows and columns on the worksheet are called gridlines.

5.     Answer in 1-2 sentences.

a.      What do you mean by Spreadsheet software?

Ans: Spreadsheet software allows user to organize data in rows and columns, and performs calculations on the data. These rows and columns are collectively called a worksheet.

b.      How many rows and columns are there in a worksheet?

Ans: A Spreadsheet file is called workbook, having many individual worksheets. On each worksheet, data is organized vertically in columns and horizontally in rows. Each worksheet of Excel 2010 typically has 16384 columns and 1048576 rows.

c.       What is the default row height and column width in Excel?

Ans: The default row height is 15.00 (measured in points). The default column width of a cell is 8.43 (measured in characters).

d.      What is the use of generating a series?

Ans: Excel uses AutoFill feature to recognize any series from a single cell, such as the days of the week or month. It will save our time to complete the text or number series for us.

6.     Answer Briefly.

a.      What do you mean by Microsoft Excel? Write down its uses.

Ans: Microsoft Excel is a powerful spreadsheet program that allows us to organize data, complete calculations, graph data and develop reports Some uses of MS-Excel are:

1.      Used for Manipulating Numbers: Microsoft Excel is best known for manipulating numeric data.

2.      Organize Data: We can also use Microsoft Excel for organizing data.

3.      Store Data as Worksheets: In Excel, we can store data which we enter in it as a file called workbook.

4.      Share Data: MS-Excel allows us to share our data with other users.

b.      Differentiate between moving and copying.

Ans:

Moving	Copying
Data allows us o re-organize data in our worksheet. When we move data, the data disappears from its original location	Data allows us to repeat data in our worksheet without having to retype the data. When we copy data, the data appears in both the original and the new locations.

 

c.       Differentiate between workbook and worksheet.

Ans:

Workbook	worksheet
A Spreadsheet file is called workbook, having many individual worksheets. On each worksheet, data is organized vertically in columns and horizontally in rows	The workbook contains sheets called worksheets. By default, workbook contains three worksheets. We can also add additional worksheets.

 

d.      What do you understand by selecting cells?

Ans: We have to select cells in Excel to perform editing, calculating, and formatting tasks. The easiest way to select a cell is to use the mouse to move the block plus sign to the cell, and then click on it. An alternative method of selecting a cell in a worksheet is using the Arrow keys on the keyboard.

                 

Class 7       GEOGRAPHY   Chapter-1
EX-1.Fill ups
a.blue
b.verbal
c.topography
d.contour
e.small
f.large scale

Ex-2 Match the following
A=5
B=3
C=1
D=2
E=6
F=4

Ex-3 True/False
a.F
b.F
c.T
d.T
e.F
f.T

EX-4
(a)A detailed representation of natural and human-made features on the Earth's surface.

(b)The ratio of a distance on the map to the corresponding distance on the grounds in
words.

(c)Blue colour is used to show water bodies in a map.

(d)Red represents man-made festures,like roads or political boundaries,settlements.

(e)The scale of the map can be represented in threeways.

(1) statement scale or verbal scale.

(2) The representative fraction or numerical fraction (RF).

(3) The graphical scale or linear scale.

(f)The linear scale of a map is a bar which usually represents the true distance of an
unit length on the map

(g)Large- scale maps depict a small territory.A large-scale map only shows a small area
but in great detail

(h)The signs and symbols used in a map to show diffrent festures of map these common signs
and symbols are called conventional signs and symbols.

(i)A person who makes maps.

Ex-5

(a)Topography refer to the arrangement of natural and artificial physical features of an
area.
A topographic map shows how the ground is shaped provides a way to calculate the height
of the features on the map .

(b)A line on a map joining points of equal height above or below sea level.

(c)Cartographers Use colour On A Map to represent specific features.
1 Green colour indicates vegetation such as forests,wooded area,orchards and vineyards.
2 Brown colour is used to denote most contour line on a map,which are relief features
and elevatoions.
3 Red colour represents man made features, like main roads and politicial boundaries,
settlements.
4 Yellow indicates all the cultivated areas.

(d)The numerical scale of a map indicates the relationship of distance measured on a map
and the corresponding distance on the ground.

(e)
1}SMALL-SCALE MAPS represent a lagre area.In a small scale map,the size of objects
will be smaller and will have less details,for ex.map of a country.

LARGE-SCALE MAPS depict a small territory. a large scale map only show a small area
but in great detail for ex. map of a town or a city.

2}A topographical map contains detailed information about local landforms,water bodies,
roads,railway tracks and buildings.

A thematic map includes information of a specific theme or topic such as rainfaLL

3}Verbal map scale:A map scale that expresses the relationship between distance on
the map and distance on the gound in words.

Linear Scale:The linear scale of a map is a bar which usually represents the true
disctance of an unit length on the map.

(F)The four major directions north,east,west and south are called cardinal directions.
These are further divided into north-east,south-east,south-west and north-west
which are known as intermediate directions.

(G) Direction is a major component of a map. Most maps contain an arrow marked with the
' letter 'N' at the upper right hand corner.This arrow shows the north direction and
therefore is called the north line.Once the north direction is confirmed,the other
direction-east,westands south can be easily found.

EX-6 LEARNING IS FUN
ACROSS
6.Yellow
7.Green
8.Contour lines
9.Map
10.Verbal
DOWN
1.Cartographer
2.Cardinal
3.Keys
4.Topography
5.Legends

    

Class 7 – English Language     -  Ch- 3.        PHRASES

 Exercise -A { Choose the correct option }

 

1) b . Phrase

2) a. Finite verb

3) c. adverb phrase

 

Ex - B  underline the phrases and say whether they are adjective phrase adverb phrase or noun phrase.

 

1) [at full speed ] -     adverb phrase

2) [of no relevance] - adjective phrase

3) [in very lively manners] -adverb phrase

4) [of the crime] - noun phrase

5) [under lock and key] -adverb phrase

6) [by leaps and bounds] -adverb phrase

7) [to go home] - noun phrase

8) [with the kindly nature] -adjective phrase

9) [with undaunted zeal] - adjective phrase

10) [in a swift manner ] - adverb phrase

Ex - C  fill in the blanks with appropriate adjective Phrase.

 

1) She lost the necklace made of gold.

2) He is a man of kind nature.

3) It is the flag of India.

4) We heard the song of Indian style.

5) The car of white colour was very expensive.

6) The road with trees is very lonely.

7)  Nobody likes a person with bad temper.

8) He bought a shot of red colour.

9) Birds of same feathers flock together.

10) He lifted a load of heavy books.

 

Ex - D  rewrite the following sentence using adverb phrase

 

1) They are going at this moment.

2) They have not long ago sold their property.

3) Anjali completed her assignment in a quick manner .

4) The dear ran at full speed .

5) Sumit is going at that place.

6) The judge asked question in a stern manner.

7) She spoke in a kind manner.

8) She nodded in a wise manner .

9) Is she coming at this place ?

10) He does his work in a careless manner.

 

                

                  [ Ch - 4  clauses ]

 

Ex -A  choose the correct option

 

1) Clause

2) When

3) If clause

 

Ex -B underline the clauses and write their kinds in the following sentence.

 

1(wherever you like) adverb clause

 

2(whose eyes were blue) adjective clause

 

3(that we will win a prize) noun clause

 

4(if you make a promise) adverb clause

 

5(what had happened) noun close

 

6(until you come) adverb clause

7(that she would probably fail in the exams) noun clause

 

8(where I grew up) adverb clause

 

9(if it broke down) if clause

 

10(if you drink this) if clause

 

11(that he met my brother in Delhi) noun clause

 

12(which you mention) adjective clause

 

 

Part -C. Fill in the blanks with suitable clauses

 

1) Adjective clause ÷

 

1) I know the place which you mentioned.

 

2) This is the book which is published by Ratna Sagar

 

3) He laughs best who laughs last.

 

4) I found the mobile which I have lost.

5) Mary had a little lamp whose eyes are blue.

 

 

2) Noun clause

 

1) He replied that he would come .

 

2) I do not know what he wants.

 

3) No one knows where she has gone.

 

4) We cannot understand why they are angry with us.

 

5) She expects that she will win the game.

 

 

3) Adverb clause.÷

 

1) You may sit wherever you like.

 

2) You will win if you work hard.

 

3) His father died because he was ill.

 

4)He trusted while it was hot.

5) I would have stopped if I had got the message.

 

 

Part -D. Complete the sentences using adverb clause as indicated.

 

1) One can concentrate better if there is calm atmosphere.

 

2) Please keep the house keys wherever you want.

 

3) The bus halted where I was standing.

 

4) The train arrived when I reached the station.

 

5) If you work hard you will be able to top this year's exam.

 

6) I will give you this book if you want to read.

 

7) Don't disturb when I am studying.

 

8) We eat in order to survive.

9) Reena has not seen her sister since one year.

 

10) If she will cheat ,she is will be dismissed.

 

  

             [ Ch -5. The Noun Number ]

 

Ex -A choose the correct option

 

1) Singular

2) compound noun

 

Ex -B form the plurals of the following nouns.

1) Students

2) Calves

3) Brushes

4) Chiefs

5) Potatoes

6) Geese

7) Pianos

8) Oxen

Ex-C fill in the blanks with the correct form of the words given in the bracket.

 

1) storeys

2) sons-in-law

3) stories

4) peasants

5) engineers

 

Ex-D choose the correct alternative from given the choices.

 

1) gentry

2) people

3) species

4) feet

5) poultry

6) vermin

 

Ex - E find out the error part and underline it.

 

1) The Indian team defeated( the Australia )by an inning.

2) They left (their luggage )at the railway station.

 

3)( My brother in law ) who lives in Mumbai have come to stay with us.

 

4) (Artificles of furniture )have been stolen from the house.

 

5) I lived (in a three - hundred year) old house in Mumbai.

 

 

                   [ Ch-6. The Noun case ]

 

Ex - A.  choose the correct option.

 

1) Nominative case

2) Accusative  case

3)Possessive. case

 

Ex -B  find out the errors in each sentence and rewrite them correctly.

 

1) The leg of this table is broken.

 

2) The roof of my house is leaking.

 

3) That shop is next to boys' hostel .

 

4) We should not challenge  the laws of nature.

5) We have got a week's holiday .

 

6) This house is mine.

 

7) Is this your pen ?

 

8) Seven day's journey is a week's journey .

 

9) Every student is supposed to carry out their teacher's order .

 

 

Ex- C  fill in the correct word from the brackets.

 

1) father-in-law

 

2) Mahesh

 

3) barber's

 

4) the leg of the table

5) St. Joseph

 

6) today's

 

7) the cover of the book

 

8) day's 

 

 

                [  Ch -15. The Preposition  ]

 

Ex - A  Multiple Choice Questions.

 

1) into

2) with

3) with

4) about

5) for

6) beside

7) in

Ex-B  fill in the blanks with suitable prepositions.

 

1) with

2) on

3) by

4) into

5) of

6) in

7) with

8) in

9) on

10) on

 

Ex- C  correct the following sentences

 

1) He goes to office on foot.

 

2) She is married to a rich man.

 

3) Mumbai is famous for its textiles.

 

4) Camles are peculiarly adapted to life in the desert.

 

5) His disability prevents him from driving.

 

6) He prefers coffee instead of tea.

7) These computers are cheap enough to be accessible for most people.

 

8) Beside the ungathered rice he lay.

 

9) He is at death's door.

 

10) There is still no cure for the common cold.

 

 

Ex-D complete the following sentences using prepositions from the box.

 

1) except.

2) in

3) of 

4) instead of

5) for

  

Class 7 English Lit

 

Ch- Bravo Manju !

 

C) Answer these questions.

 

Q1) How were Manjula's hands different?

 

Ans) Manjula had claw like fingers that were malformed .She had just two fingers on each hand .

 

Q2) What presents did she get for her birthday?

 

Ans=Manjula received a set of artists watercolours,a book "painting step by step "and three watercolour brushes.

 

Q3) Why did Manjula decide to give up painting and take up cooking ?

 

Ans=Manjula decided to give  painting as she overheard her father's saying that she could not be an artist because of her hands .He had suggested that she must take up something useful like cooking and stitching .So,she offered to help her mother.

 

Q4) How did her mother and brother encourage her to continue painting ?

 

Ans=The mother reminded Manjula of her potential and encouraged her to fight.Amol her brother placed a newspaper cutting on her table .The report was about Richard Belanger a boy with artificial feet ,who played football .Amol hoped that it would inspire Manjula to continue painting.

 

Q5) Who kept the newspaper cutting on Manjula's table and why ?

Ans=Amol ,Manjula's brother kept the newspaper cutting on her table hoping that the inspirational story of Richard Belanger would encourage her to continue painting.

 

Q6) Why did Richard Belanger's life story inspire Manjula ?

Ans=Richard Belanger had artificial feet and yet he played football against odds . His story was similar to Manjula whose hands were different . His success restored Manjula's faith in her abilities and encouraged her to fight to learn painting .

  

D] Think and answer 

 

Q1) Did Manjula handicapped affect her daily life ? Give examples to support your answer.

Ans= No,Manjula's handicap did not affect her daily life .She could paint ,go to the market and helps her mother in the house like any other person.

 

Q2) Do you think Manjula's family was well off ? Give examples to support your answer .

Ans=Manjula's family was not well off.We get to know this because she hesitated to ask her mother for painting materials thinking that they would be very costly . Her father too was not willing to spend money on expensive watercolour sheets.

  

Class 7 – History – Chapter – 3

I.Tick the correct answer

1. D

2. C

3. b

4. D

5. C

II. Fill ups

1. Plunder

2. Prithviraj Chauhan

3. Alberuni,kitab-ul- hind

4.shahnama

5. Somnath Temple

III. Matching

4

1

2

3

IV. T/F

1. T

2. F

3. F

4. F

5. F

V. Q/Ans

1. Mention three most important invasions of Mahmud of ghazni.

Ans- 

1. Mahmud defeated Jaipala, the Hindu ruler of Punjab in 1001 CE

2. Mahmud defeated a confederacy led by Anandapala in the year 1008-1009 CE

3. He also invaded and plundered the cities and temple towns such as Multan. Alwar, Mathura, Nagarkot, Thaneshwar and Somnath.

2. When and between whom were the battles of Tarain fought?

Ans-  the first battle of Tarain was fought in CE1191 and the second battle of Tarain was fought in CE1192, these battles were fought between Muhammad Ghori and Prithviraj Chauhan.

3. How were the raids of Mahmud Ghazni different from the raids of Muhammad Ghori?

Ans- Mahmud of Ghazni:-

1.Mahmud Ghazni was interested in wealth rather than setting up an empire in the Indian subcontinent.

2.Mahmud never suffered a defeat.

Muhammad Ghori:-

1.Interested in establishing an empire in India.

2. Faced defeat by Prithviraj Chauhan.

VI. Give reasons

Ans- a. Mahmud Ghazni was interested in wealth rather than setting up an empire in the Indian subcontinent.

Ans- b. Rajput Chiefs were jealous of each other. The Rajputs had no standing army of their own, and hence had to depend on the feudal lords for contingents.

 

Class 7 History

 

I.Tick the correct answer.

1. c

2. c

3. c

4. b

5. b

II. Fill ups

1. Mecca,570

2. Allah

3. Idol

4. Caliphs

5. Harun- al- Rashid

III. Matching

3

4

5

1

2

IV. T/F

1. F

2. T

3. T

4. F

5. F

V. Q/Ans

1. Discuss the early life of Muhammad.

Ans- Prophet Muhammad, who propagated the religion was born in Mecca about CE 570.Until mid-life, Prophet Muhammad lived the life of a prosperous trader In CE610, Muhammad had his spiritual experience and became a prophet. He called himself the messenger of the supreme being Allah.

2. Describe the teachings of Muhammad.

Ans- 1.A Muslim should not worship an idol. 2.He must not lend money on interest. 3. He should lead a life of virtue and benevolence. 4. All Muslims, must regard themselves as brothers and equals.

3. What are the five main religious obligations of Islam?

Ans- Five Pillars of Islam

 a) Shahada (Confession of Faith): "There is no God but Allah: Mohammad is His Prophet. 

b) Salat (Prayer): He must offerprayers fnamaaz) five times everyday and on Fri- day afternoons in a mosque.

 C Zakaat (Alms Giving) : He must give alms to the pooras an offering to Allah and a religious act. 

d) Sawm or Siyam (Fasting): Muslims must keep fast from dawn to dusk during Ram- adan (Ramzan)

(e) Haj (Pilgrimage to Mecca) : Once in his ifetime, every Muslim must travel to Mecca. This pilgrimage is called Haj.

4. Discuss the spread of Islamic civilization after the passing away of prophet Muhammad.

Ans- Spread of Islamic Civilisation 1.The Prophet was succeeded by four Khalifas - Abu Bakr, Umar, Usman and Ali. 

2.The rule of the last Khalifa was ended by Umayyad dynasty who ruled from Damascus. 

3.The Umayyads were overthrown by Abbasids in CE 750.

5. Describe the main contribution of the umayyads and the abssids.

Ans- The Umayyads 

The Umayyad dynasty ruled from 661 CE to 750-CE with their capital at Damascus. They ruled over Spain and France in Europe.

Abssids

Progress was made in areas such as, art, literature, science and trade. The most famous Abbasid ruler was Harun al-Rashid.